16.1. Data Types

Presto has a set of built-in data types, described below. Additional types can be provided by plugins.

Note

Connectors are not required to support all types. See connector documentation for details on supported types.

BOOLEAN

This type captures boolean values true and false.

TINYINT

A 8-bit signed two’s complement integer with a minimum value of -2^7 and a maximum value of 2^7 - 1.

SMALLINT

A 16-bit signed two’s complement integer with a minimum value of -2^15 and a maximum value of 2^15 - 1.

INTEGER

A 32-bit signed two’s complement integer with a minimum value of -2^31 and a maximum value of 2^31 - 1.

BIGINT

A 64-bit signed two’s complement integer with a minimum value of -2^63 and a maximum value of 2^63 - 1.

REAL

A real is a 32-bit inexact, variable-precision implementing the IEEE Standard 754 for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic.

DOUBLE

A double is a 64-bit inexact, variable-precision implementing the IEEE Standard 754 for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic.

DECIMAL

A fixed precision decimal number. Precision up to 38 digits is supported but performance is best up to 17 digits.

DECIMAL type takes two literal parameters:

• precision - total number of digits
• scale - number of digits in fractional part. Scale is optional and defaults to 0.

Example type definitions: DECIMAL(10,3), DECIMAL(20)

Example literals: DECIMAL '10.3', DECIMAL '1234567890', 1.1

Note

Decimal literals (e.g. 1.2) are treated as the values of the DECIMAL type by default.

In order to keep compatibility with the previous versions of Presto set either:

• System wide property: parse-decimal-literals-as-double=true
• Session wide property: parse_decimal_literals_as_double=true

VARCHAR

Variable length character data with an optional maximum length.

Example type definitions: varchar, varchar(20)

CHAR

Fixed length character data. A CHAR type without length specified has a default length of 1. A CHAR(x) value always has x characters. For instance, casting dog to CHAR(7) adds 4 implicit trailing spaces. Leading and trailing spaces are included in comparisons of CHAR values. As a result, two character values with different lengths (CHAR(x) and CHAR(y) where x != y) will never be equal.

Example type definitions: char, char(20)

VARBINARY

Variable length binary data.

Note

Binary strings with length are not yet supported: varbinary(n)

JSON

Variable length json data.

DATE

Calendar date (year, month, day).

Example: DATE '2001-08-22'

TIME

Time of day (hour, minute, second, millisecond) without a time zone. Values of this type are parsed and rendered in the session time zone.

Example: TIME '01:02:03.456'

TIME WITH TIME ZONE

Time of day (hour, minute, second, millisecond) with a time zone. Values of this type are rendered using the time zone from the value.

Example: TIME '01:02:03.456 America/Los_Angeles'

TIMESTAMP

Instant in time that includes the date and time of day without a time zone. Values of this type are parsed and rendered in the session time zone.

Example: TIMESTAMP '2001-08-22 03:04:05.321'

TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE

Instant in time that includes the date and time of day with a time zone. Values of this type are rendered using the time zone from the value.

Example: TIMESTAMP '2001-08-22 03:04:05.321 America/Los_Angeles'

INTERVAL YEAR TO MONTH

Span of years and months.

Example: INTERVAL '3' MONTH

INTERVAL DAY TO SECOND

Span of days, hours, minutes, seconds and milliseconds.

Example: INTERVAL '2' DAY

ARRAY

An array of the given component type.

Example: ARRAY[1, 2, 3]

MAP

A map between the given component types.

Example: MAP(ARRAY['foo', 'bar'], ARRAY[1, 2])

ROW

A structure made up of named fields. The fields may be of any SQL type, and are accessed with field reference operator .

Example: CAST(ROW(1, 2.0) AS ROW(x BIGINT, y DOUBLE))